Bullying behavior may include name calling, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbal_abuse - verbal or written abuse, exclusion from activities, exclusion from social situations, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_abuse - physical abuse , or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coercion - coercion . ^{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-Whitted-12 - [13] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-17 - [18]} Bullies may behave this way to be perceived as popular or tough or to get attention. They may bully out of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jealousy - jealousy or be acting out because they themselves are bullied. ^{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-18 - [19]}

U.S. National Center for Education Statistics suggests that bullying can be classified into two categories: Direct bullying, and indirect bullying (which is also known as social aggression). ^{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-nces-2005-310-0 - [1]}

He also suggests that social aggression or indirect bullying is characterized by threatening the victim into http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_isolation - social isolation . This isolation is achieved through a wide variety of techniques, including spreading http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip - gossip , refusing to socialize with the victim, bullying other people who wish to socialize with the victim, and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism - criticizing the victim's manner of dress and other socially-significant markers (including the victim's race, religion, disability, sex, or sexual preference, etc.). Ross ^{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-ross-19 - [20]} outlines other forms of indirect bullying which are more subtle and more likely to be verbal, such as name calling, the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_treatment - silent treatment , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewbacca_defense - arguing others into submission , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_manipulation - manipulation , gossip/false gossip, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie - lies , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumor - rumors / http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slander - false rumors , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staring - staring , giggling, laughing at the victim, saying certain words that trigger a reaction from a past event, and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mockery - mocking . The UK based children's charity, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_Against_Bullying - Act Against Bullying , was set up in 2003 to help children who were victims of this type of bullying by researching and publishing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coping_skills - coping skills .

It has been noted that there tend to be differences in how bullying manifests itself between the sexes. Males tend to be more likely to be physically aggressive whereas females tend to favour http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusion - exclusion and mockery, though it has been noticed that females are becoming more physical in their bullying. ^{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying#cite_note-Besag-15 - [16]}